Pre Information Agreement
SIDE EFFECTS OF ELVISH HONEY
Elvish Honey contains Grayanotoxins which are produced by plants in the family Ericaceae, specifically members of the genera Rhododendron, Pieris, Agarista and Kalmia.
Plants can be beneficial as well as cause some side effects. Since Elvish Honey contains Grayanotoxins, some side effects can be mentioned.
“Grayanotoxin acts on sodium ion channels and muscarinic receptors.” (Fahad, Saleh, Ullah, Ullah Khan, 2018, 8) ¹ According to the researchers, hypotension, sinus bradycardia / bradycardia, varying degrees of atrial-ventricular block, nodal rhythms, nausea and/or vomiting, sweating, dizziness and impaired consciousness are the most common side effects of the honey.
More rarely, side effects such as syncope, blurred vision or diplopia, salivation, convulsion, atrial fibrillation, asystole and myocardial infarction can be mentioned.
In addition, complaints such as bradyarrhythmias, vertigo/headache, presyncope, light-headedness, mental confusion, perioral paraesthesia, chest pain, fatigue, generalized weakness, cramp, abnormal sensation, dysphagia, tachycardia, exhaustion, progressive muscular weakness, hyperthermia (malaria-like), coma, agitation, malaise, dyspnoea, palpitation, ataxia, collapse, chills, colic, cold sweating, diarrhea, cyanosis and gastroenteritis have been reported.
These symptoms generally appear within 20 minutes to 3 hours after consumption. Due to rapid metabolism and excretion of grayanotoxins, these symptoms last no more than 1-2 day. These side effects differ from person to person. Poisoning caused by honey does not only depend on the amount consumed. It also depends on the concentration of grayanotoxins in the honey and the season of production.
“The signs and symptoms of mad honey intoxication/poisoning may seem life-threatening; however, no fatality has been reported in recent medical literature. For treating mad honey intoxication/poisoning, symptomatic treatment and close surveillance are carried out.” (Fahad, Saleh, Ullah, Ullah Khan, 2018, 8) ¹
Please do not exceed 1 dessert spoon of Elvish Honey in any 24 hour period.
It is not recommended to consume this honey for those who are under the age of 18.
REFERENCES:
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2018/ra/c8ra01924j
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3404272/
